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Coaching Corner - Futsal Program Coaching Manual
FUTSAL PROGRAM
I. Basics Futsal
The priority in Futsal is to motivate players in an environment that is conducive to learning. The more pleasure kids derive from their participation, the more they wish to play and practice on their own. While their instinct to play is natural, their affection and appreciation for soccer must be cultivated. Futsal is the foundation to such goals because it:
Allows players to frequently touch the one "toy" on the field, namely, the ball.
Presents many opportunities to score goals and score goals often.
Encourages regaining possession of the ball as a productive, fun and rewarding part of the game (defending).
Maximizes active participation and minimizes inactivity and boredom.
Provides a well organized playing environment with improvised fields.
Reflects the philosophy of player development expressed in state and national coaching schools.
Eliminates complicated rules such as offsides that may hinder youngsters from "playing".
Reflects the appropriate roll of the coach as a Facilitator
Makes the game more "beginning coach" friendly because the game is simpler, thus making it easier to recruit more volunteer "coaches".
-Allows the game to be the teacher!
What About The Goalkeeper?
Goalkeeping, as it relates to the adult version of soccer, requires a combination of skill, athleticism, and decision making. A Futsal goalkeeper learns all these things in the game of Futsal with the added advantage that he learns to react faster because the ball moves faster, and he gets more involvement in the game since they are more shots on goal. Nevertheless a:
- Goalkeepers must be field players first. Prior to specializing as goalkeepers, children must learn the broader parameters of "play". This is difficult to do when they hide beneath the crossbar. Goalkeepers must also learn intuition and anticipation from moving in and playing the game of Futsal.
- Goalkeepers must possess field playing skill. This is particularly true since the laws governing the 11 v. 11 game require the goalkeeper to play as a field player, without the use of their hands, at certain times of the game.
II. Why Futsal?
The mode and method for children's play has changed substantially. The sandlot and playgrounds which allowed for free play have been replaced by organized sport associations and leagues which are instead governed by adults. As a result, these leagues reflect what adults believe the game of soccer should be like for youngsters. The byproduct of this is often overcoaching and the investing of an abundance of money and resources on uniforms. warm-ups, and equipment. There is always the likelihood that parents and coaches become too involved in the game during "the game".
Teaching Futsal to children requires that the information provided to them is appropritae for their maturity level through some means (THE GAME) that makes sense to them. The environment for play must, essentially, meet the needs of players.
Reducing the number of players to 5 per team allows for all of the components that are present in the 11 v. 11 game: the ball, teammates and opponents, realistic pressure, apropriate space, guidelines (rules), direction of play (attacking and defending), and the combination of length and width in the game (team shape), and shooting on goal.
What Is Developed
Skill that is realistic. Motor ability: balance, agility, and coordination. Perception: insight and awareness. Vision. Problem solving: choices and decisions. Physical fitness. Psychological domain: fun, enjoyment, and competition. Learning by discovery, trial and error, playing!!!
Repetition
This is perhaps the single most inportant aspect over the long term process of debeloping soccer playing ability. On the playgrounds and sandlots, this occurs naturally... No lines, no waiting, participation is maximized.
Youngsters recognize differing situations that are constantly repeated. Repetition influences: Skill required to play the game (dribbling, passing, shooting, etc.). Decisions and choices that occur during the game.
III. The Role of the Youth Coach
In Futsal, the role of the coach is that of facilitator. The coach sets up the game and the conditions for learning, provides some supervision and allows the game to teach. The coach becomes a manager of the games with the comprehensive and long range objective being to develop and improve the soccer performance of the players.
The primary objective for youth players under 11 years of age is the development of technical skill. This is due, in part, to the nature of youngsters and their willingness to experiment to find their own way to execute technical skill.
Another contributing factor for am emphasis on skill development is that skill is considered a shortcoming. Remember, technique is not an objective in and of itself but a tool. Technical skill must always have a relationship with the game (application). Problem solving, decision making, intuition, anticipation, and technical skill must be developed in the context of games.
Technical activities, outside of games, should not be considered the "end all and be all". The game, and involvement of playing the game, is most important. Too often, these activities on the individual basis are "drills" and are not realistic as far as the demands of the game are concerned. Technical skills should not be viewed as "tricks" or "gimmicks", but in the end, must be practical to use in the game.
Considerations On How the Youth Futsal Coach Can Influence Players
Coaches need to insure that the playing/practice environment is conducive for development and performance and is favorable for learning to take place. They also need to ensure that the three main areas of the game occur in this environment.
Futsal allows youth coaches to become familiar with the three main areas of the game.
- When the team is in possesion of the ball (attacking).
- When the team is trying to regain possession of the ball (defending).
- When the ball changes possession (transition),
Futsal provides a much clearer environment to analyze the match and its individual components and is therefore not as intimidating to beginning coaches. The coach can observe:
- If players are comfortable and confident playing against an opponent individually (dribbling).
- If players are capable of maintaining possession of the ball both as individuals and as a group.
- If players can create opportunites to score goals both individually and as a group.
- If players are successful at scoring goals.
- If players are composed while trying to regain possession of the ball (defending).
- If players can adapt to the unexpected and adjust their behaviour and improvise appropriately.
Youth soccer coaches contribute to player development by:
- Observing the game.
- Analyzing the problems.
- Setting simple objectives for practice.
- Planning the practice session.
- Managing the ame and practice environments.
While technique, decision making and physical talent can be distinguished from one another, they are not related.
IV. The Basic Game and Variations
The Basic Futsal Game
Size of Field
Depends on the age of players. Can vary from 25m. x 15m. up to 42m. x 25m.. The goals are 3m wide and 2m high.
The Team In Possession of the Ball
- Can employ buildup by using the entire playing area in terms of length and width (spread out, possession).
- Can learn and determine team shape, which, in a group of 4 resembles a diamond.
- Can create goal scoring opportunities by taking action either individually or collectively.
When the Other Team Has the Ball
- The aim is to prevent goals from being scored by getting behind the ball and to regain possession of the ball.
- Simple principles of defending are reinforced and amplified since there is no spare defender or goalkeeper.
Players need to evaluate and identify when to dribble and pass. The correct attitude (when to take a risk aggressively) and the technical development and execution of dribbling.
- Vision
- Changes in the direction and speed of play.
- Decision making skills because the player has a variety of options at his disposal (dribbling, passing, "shooting", changing directions)
The Futsal Passing Game
Since the playing area is longer than it is wide, the emphasis is on creating length (height) in the game. In this game, there is a premium placed on playing the ball forward early. The ball can be played early:
- To a target player who is coming back for the ball with a defender behind them (as shown in diagram).
- To a player running forward away from the server.
Scoring
- Stopping the ball anywhere on the line.
- Passing the ball through an open goal.
This Game Emphasizes
- Vision
- Changes in direction and speed of play.
- Appropriate use of firm touch.
- Long and short passing.
Attitude and confidence that is essential for scoring goals. (Large net)
Passing, shooting and dribbling skills required in the other 4 v. 4 games.
Transition awareness since the team can attack quickly in the other direction.
Team shape and the roles of each player because when there is a transition, the back becomes the front and vice versa.
The priority of this game is shooting and scoring. Since the field issmall, players should be looking to shoot almost whenever they get the ball. .
ROSTERING AND COMPETITION: The Weekly Tournament
Rostering Rostering youngsters enables association or league organizers to acquire name, address, phone number, correct birthdate and parental consent. This information is then used to obtain the required insurance for each player. At this level of play, rostering serves on the purposes of player registration and insurance.
The group of players who are rostered together are considered, in very broad terms, a "team". The number of players on each team will be five.
The players will be organized into groups of five. Rostering 10 to a team would be sensible since it should easily make 2 teams of 5 players.
Basic Rules for the Futsal Game
Part of the effectiveness of Futsal is that it contribute to the develpomental needs of young players. The basic rules are:
- The use of a goalkeeper.
- No offsides.
- When the ball goes out of bounds over the sideline (touchline), it is put back into play with a kick-in. The kick-in can not go directly into the goal.
- When the ball goes out over the end line, it is put back into play either by throwing the ball back into the playing area, or awarding a Corner Kick.
- After a goal has been scored, it is put back into play by a kick off.
- There are field "supervisors" or "managers" instead of referees. The intent of this adult facilitator is to ensure a safe environment. The role of the field "supervisor" is that of a facilitator: ensuring that players put the ball back into play properly. This allows the players to learn how to regulate the games (decisions on who caused the ball to go out of play). The field supervisors are dressed distinctively but not necessarily in the traditional back uniform.
- Kickoffs that begin each period of play are taken from the approximate center of the field.
- Players can score from anywhere on the field.
- All fouls are penalized as in soccer game except that a team can't commit more than 5 fouls per half. The opponent must be five yards away from the ball at the time of the kick.
- With the following tournament schedules, each game is 20 minutes in duration.
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